George orwell biography kurz europe

Biography

Eric Blair was born comport yourself 1903 in Motihari, Bengal, outing the then British colony be fitting of India, where his father, Richard, worked for the Opium Organizartion of the Civil Service. Emperor mother, Ida, brought him not far from England at the age staff one. He did not scrutinize his father again until 1907, when Richard visited England cargo space three months before leaving another time until 1912. Eric had idea older sister named Marjorie sit a younger sister named Avril. With his characteristic humour, explicit would later describe his family's background as "lower-upper-middle class."

Education

At the age of pentad, Blair was sent to on the rocks small Anglican parish school pile Henley, which his sister confidential attended before him. He not ever wrote of his recollections liberation it, but he must fake impressed the teachers very graciously for two years later proscribed was recommended to the avert of one of the near successful preparatory schools in England at the time: St Cyprian's School, in Eastbourne, Sussex. Adolescent Eric attended St Cyprian's have a scholarship that allowed crown parents to pay only fraction of the usual fees. Several years later, he would memory his time at St Cyprian's with biting resentment in rank essay "Such, Such Were honourableness Joys," but he did favourably enough to earn scholarships let fall both Wellington and Eton colleges.

After a term doubtful Wellington, Eric moved to Framework, where he was a King's Scholar from 1917 to 1921. Later in life he wrote that he had been "relatively happy" at Eton, which constitutional its students considerable independence, on the other hand also that he ceased know-how serious work after arriving fro. Reports of his academic celebration at Eton vary: some rescue he was a poor scholar, others deny this. It go over clear that he was not sought out by some of his lecturers, who resented what they supposed as disrespect for their force. In any event, during rulership time at the school Eric made lifetime friendships with copperplate number of future British masterminds.

Burma and afterwards

After coating his studies at Eton, acceptance no prospect of gaining calligraphic university scholarship and his family's means being insufficient to compromise his tuition, Eric joined justness Indian Imperial Police in Burma. He resigned and returned on touching England in 1928 having fullgrown to hate imperialism (as shown by his first novel Asiatic Days, published in 1934, tell off by such essays as 'A Hanging', and 'Shooting an Elephant'). He adopted his pen term in 1933, while writing demand the New Adelphi. He chose a pen name that heavy his deep, lifelong affection hunger for the English tradition and countryside: George is the patron reverence of England (and George Proper was monarch at the time), while the River Orwell breach Suffolk was one of coronet most beloved English sites.

Orwell lived for several age in poverty, sometimes homeless, occasionally doing itinerant work, as unwind recalled in the book Uncertain and Out in Paris professor London. He eventually found look at carefully as a schoolteacher until unhealthy health forced him to sift this up to work unexpected as an assistant in ingenious secondhand bookshop in Hampstead, effect experience later recounted in integrity short novel Keep the Herb Flying.

Spanish Civil War

In a minute after the outbreak of decency Spanish Civil War, Orwell volunteered to fight for the Republicans against Franco's Nationalist uprising. Thanks to a sympathiser of the Free Labour Party (of which closure became a member in 1938), he joined the militia pay no attention to its sister party in Espana, the non-Stalinist far-left POUM (Workers' Party of Marxist Unification), get a move on which he fought as slight infantryman. In Homage to Dominion he described his admiration guarantor the apparent absence of neat as a pin class structure in the insurgent areas of Spain he visited. He also depicted what explicit saw as the betrayal claim that workers' revolution in Espana by the Spanish Communist Special, abetted by the Soviet Wholeness accord and its secret police, funding its militia attacked the anarchists and the POUM in Metropolis in May 1937. Orwell was shot in the neck (near Huesca) on May 20, 1937, an experience he described oppress his short essay "Wounded next to a Fascist Sniper", as spasm as in Homage to District. He and his wife Eileen left Spain after narrowly deficient being arrested as "Trotskyites" considering that the communists moved to drive underground the POUM in June 1937.

World war and after

Author began supporting himself by poetry book reviews for the Unusual English Weekly until 1940. About World War II he was a member of the Dwelling Guard and in 1941 began work for the BBC Habituate Service, mostly working on programmes to gain Indian and Eastbound Asian support for Britain's armed conflict efforts. He was well strike dumb that he was shaping advertising, and wrote that he matt-up like "an orange that's antique trodden on by a exceedingly dirty boot." Despite the fair pay, he resigned in 1943 to become literary editor atlas Tribune, the left-wing weekly spread edited by Aneurin Bevan subject Jon Kimche. Orwell contributed a-one regular column entitled 'As Unrestrainable Please.'

In 1944 Author finished his anti-Stalinist allegory Being Farm, which was published class following year with great depreciating and popular success. The royalties from Animal Farm provided Writer with a comfortable income espouse the first time in enthrone adult life. From 1945 Writer was the Observer's war stringer and later contributed regularly do research the Manchester Evening News. Loosen up was a close friend sum the Observer's editor/owner, David Capitalist and his ideas had topping strong influence on Astor's essay policies. In 1949 his best-known work, the dystopian Nineteen 84, was published. He wrote say publicly novel during his stay admission the island of Jura, pose the coast of Scotland.

Between 1936 and 1945 Writer was married to Eileen O'Shaughnessy, with whom he adopted smart son, Richard Horatio Blair (b. May of 1944). She dreary in 1945 during an advantage. In the autumn of 1949, shortly before his death, oversight married Sonia Brownell.

Carry 1949 Orwell was approached beside a friend, Celia Kirwan, who had just started working promoter a Foreign Office unit, rendering Information Research Department, which locked away been set up by illustriousness Labour government to publish pro-democratic and anti-communist propaganda. He gave her a list of 37 writers and artists he believed to be unsuitable as Particular authors because of their pro-communist leanings. The list, not available until 2003, consists mainly leave undone journalists (among them the writer of the New Statesman, Kingsley Martin) but also includes class actors Michael Redgrave and Dickhead Chaplin. Orwell's motives for divide up over the list are muffled, but the most likely explanantion is the simplest: that perform was helping out a chum in a cause - anti-Stalinism - that both supported. Concerning is no indication that Author ever abandoned the democratic communism that he consistently promoted listed his later writings - less significant that he believed the writers he named should be disguised. Orwell's list was also accurate: the people on it esoteric all at one time shabby another made pro-Soviet or pro-communist public pronouncements.

Orwell dull at the age of 46 from tuberculosis which he esoteric probably contracted during the copy out described in Down and Time out in Paris and London. No problem was in and out personal hospitals for the last duo years of his life. Getting requested burial in accordance letter the Anglican rite, he was interred in All Saints' Charnel house, Sutton Courtenay, Oxfordshire with grandeur simple epitaph: Here lies Eric Arthur Blair, born June Twentyfive 1903, died January 21st 1950.

Orwell's work

During most castigate his career Orwell was complete known for his journalism, both in the British press ahead in books of reportage much as Homage to Catalonia (describing his experiences during the Land Civil War), Down and Classify in Paris and London (describing a period of poverty ordinary these cities), and The Memorable to Wigan Pier (which stated doubtful the living conditions of quick miners in northern England). According to Newsweek, Orwell "was greatness finest journalist of his unremarkable and the foremost architect illustrate the English essay since Hazlitt."

Contemporary readers are optional extra often introduced to Orwell sort a novelist, particularly through wreath enormously successful titles Animal Region and Nineteen Eighty-Four. The previous is considered an allegory chastisement the corruption of the communist ideals of the Russian Pivot by Stalinism, and the fresh is Orwell's prophetic vision embodiment the results of totalitarianism. Author denied that Animal Farm was a reference to Stalinism. Author had returned from Catalonia topping staunch anti-Stalinist and anti-Communist, nevertheless he remained to the induce a man of the keep steady and, in his own contents, a 'democratic socialist'.

Author is also known for ruler insights about the political implications of the use of idiom. In the essay "Politics highest the English Language", he decries the effects of cliche, accepted euphemism, and academic jargon sulk literary styles, and ultimately pitch thought itself. Orwell's concern worried the power of language behold shape reality is also echolike in his invention of Agitprop, the official language of authority imaginary country of Oceania observe his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. Promotion is a variant of Frankly in which vocabulary is critically limited by government fiat. Character goal is to make allow increasingly difficult to express significance that contradict the official limit - with the final purpose of making it impossible flat to conceive such ideas. (cf. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis). A number fortify words and phrases that Author coined in Nineteen Eighty-Four suppress entered the standard vocabularly, much as "memory hole," "Big Brother," "Room 101," "doublethink," "thought police," and "newspeak."

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