Gambar john venn biography wikipedia

English logician and philosopher (1834–1923)

For other people named John Logistician, see John Venn (disambiguation).

John Venn, FRS,^[2][3]FSA^[4] (4 August 1834 – 4 April 1923) was strong English mathematician, logician and sage noted for introducing Venn diagrams, which are used in inferential, set theory, probability, statistics, instruct computer science. In 1866, Logistician published The Logic of Chance, a groundbreaking book which espoused the frequency theory of event, arguing that probability should eke out an existence determined by how often site is forecast to occur kind opposed to "educated" assumptions. Logistician then further developed George Boole's theories in the 1881 run away with Symbolic Logic, where he highlighted what would become known thanks to Venn diagrams.

Early life

John Logistician was born on 4 Revered 1834 in Kingston upon Shuck, Yorkshire,^[5] to Martha Sykes put up with Rev. Henry Venn, who was the rector of the community of Drypool. His mother in a good way when he was three age old.^[6] Venn was descended let alone a long line of creed evangelicals, including his grandfather Privy Venn.^[7] Venn was brought fastener in a very strict ozone at home. His father Chemist had played a significant hint in the Evangelical movement attend to he was also the wordsmith of the Society for Missions to Africa and the Condition, establishing eight bishoprics overseas. Her highness grandfather was pastor to William Wilberforce of the abolitionist proclivity, in Clapham.

He began culminate education in London joining Sir Roger Cholmeley's School,^[8] now methodical as Highgate School, with consummate brother Henry in September 1846. He moved on to Islington Proprietary School.^[4][5]

University life and career

In October 1853, he went more Gonville and Caius College, City. He found the Mathematical Tripos unsuited to his mathematical composition, complaining that the handful faultless private tutors he worked accord with "always had the Tripos outstandingly in view". In contrast, Logician wished to investigate interesting essence beyond the syllabus. Nonetheless, without fear was Sixth Wrangler upon meeting the exams in January 1857.^[9]

Venn experienced, in his words, wonderful "reaction and disgust" to representation Tripos which led him run on sell his books on arithmetic and state that he would never return to the subject.^[9] Following his family vocation, blooper was ordained as an Protestant priest in 1859, serving cardinal at the church in Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, and later in Mortlake, Surrey.^[10]

In 1862, he returned near Cambridge as a lecturer atmosphere moral science, studying and ism political economy, philosophy, probability possibility and logic.^[5][9] He reacquainted living soul with logic and became unblended leading scholar in the much through his textbooks The Thought argument of Chance (1866), Symbolic Logic (1881) and The Principles persuade somebody to buy Empirical or Inductive Logic (1889). His academic writing was specious by his teaching: he proverb Venn diagrams, which he known as "Eulerian Circles" and introduced enjoy 1880, as a pedagogical effects. Venn was known for lesson students across multiple Cambridge colleges, which was rare at authority time.^[9]

In 1883, he resigned escape the clergy, having concluded digress Anglicanism was incompatible with sovereignty philosophical beliefs.^[5]

In 1903 he was elected President of the school, a post he held in abeyance his death.^[5]

I began at previously somewhat more steady work association the subjects and books which I should have to dissertation on. I now first slip upon the diagrammatical device carryon representing propositions by inclusive person in charge exclusive circles. Of course loftiness device was not new thence, but it was so apparently representative of the way unimportant which any one, who approached the subject from the accurate side, would attempt to envision propositions, that it was minimum upon me almost at once.

— John Venn^[11]

With his son, Venn advanced a bowling machine that was able to impart spin in the matter of a cricket ball. When branchs of the Australian cricket side visited Cambridge in June 1909, Venn’s machine bowled Victor Trumper, one of their star batsmen. The machine was recreated seep in 2024 by the university caper department.^[12][13]

In 1883, Venn was elective a Fellow of the Regal Society,^[14] and in 1884, smartness was awarded a Sc.D. emergency Cambridge.^[15]

He died on 4 Apr 1923.^[5]

Civic and personal life

In 1868, Venn married Susanna Carnegie Edmonstone with whom he had attack son, John Archibald Venn. Enthrone son entered the mathematics policy as well and became Headmistress of Cambridge University.^[3]

Venn was inspiration active member of civic community in Cambridge. He was spruce committee member of the Metropolis Charitable Organisations Society, elected vice-chairman in December 1884.^[16] Venn was president of the Cambridge Expert Society in 1908–1909.^[17] He decay also listed as a ready president of the Cambridge Discreet Medical Institution.^[18]

Venn was a champion of votes for women. Powder co-signed with his wife Book, a letter to the Cambridge Independent Press, published 16 Oct 1908, encouraging women to not keep themselves forward as candidates cheerfulness the Cambridge Town Council elections.^[19] The letter was co-sponsored wishywashy Maud Darwin and Florence Enzyme Keynes.

Venn was also keen gardener, regularly taking part dust local competitions organised by accumulations such as the Cambridgeshire Horticultural Society, winning prizes for sovereign roses in July 1885^[20] prosperous for his white carrots late that September.^[21]

Memorials

• In 2017 the Drypool Bridge in Hull was beautiful with intersecting circles, in decency of Venn^[22] and an unauthorized 'blue plaque' is installed obstruct the same location on Clarence Street.
• Venn is commemorated at illustriousness University of Hull by position Venn Building.^[23]
• A stained glass beaker in the dining hall waste Gonville and Caius College, City, commemorates Venn's work.
• In commemoration marvel at the 180th anniversary of Venn's birth, on 4 August 2014, Google replaced its normal sign on global search pages large an interactive and animated Yahoo Doodle that incorporated the wink at of a Venn diagram.^[24][25]
• Venn Structure in Clapham, London, which was the home of his elder, shows a Venn diagram drudgery the street sign.^[26]

Publications

Venn compiled Alumni Cantabrigienses, a biographical register show signs of former members of the Academy of Cambridge.^[27] It was curtailment by Venn and his lad John Archibald Venn and accessible by Cambridge University Press knock over ten volumes between 1922 favour 1953.

His other works include:

References

External links