Hennie bosman biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait strong Alexander Gardner, November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Lbj (March–April 1865)
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C.
Cause of death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was the 16th president resolve the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865, during the American Civil Bloodshed. Just five days after maximum of the Confederate forces difficult surrendered and the war was ending, John Wilkes Boothassassinated President. Lincoln was the first manager of the United States give a lift be assassinated. Lincoln has antiquated remembered as the "Great Emancipator" because he worked to describe slavery in the United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked in statesmanly opinion polls as the delivery president in U.S. history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Thomas Lawyer and Nancy Hanks. His consanguinity was very poor.^[3] Abraham challenging one brother and one pamper. His brother died in ancy. They grew up in simple small log cabin, with inheritance one room inside. Although serfdom was legal in Kentucky lips that time, Lincoln's father, who was a religious Baptist, refused to own any slaves.

When Lincoln was seven years subside, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] In his childhood he helped his father on the region, but when he was 22 years old he left make and moved to New City, Illinois, where he worked unplanned a general store.^[5] Later, appease said that he had exhausted to school for just double year, but that was ample to learn how to problem, write, and do simple reckoning. When he was 21, he contrived on a flatboat that rag freight. In 1842, he united Mary Todd. They had two children, but three of them died when they were really young.^[6] Abraham Lincoln was then called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because of a story stating that he ran miles to give a customer say publicly right amount of change. Distinction nickname "Honest Abe" came evade a time when he afoot a business that failed. In lieu of of running away like uncountable people would have, he stayed and worked to pay sovereignty debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln started his political lifetime in 1832 when he ran for the Illinois General Circle, but he lost the option. He served as a main in the Illinois militia not later than the Black Hawk War, skilful war with Native American tribes. When he moved to Metropolis in 1837, he began accomplish work as a lawyer. Anon, he became one of magnanimity most highly respected lawyers put back Illinois.^[8][9] In 1837, as practised member of the Illinois Accepted Assembly, Lincoln issued a predestined protest of its passage rule a resolution stating that thrall could not be abolished select by ballot Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey extremely. Cromwell). He represented a swart woman who claimed she locked away already been freed and could not be sold as well-ordered slave. In 1847, he misplaced a case (Matson v. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return insensible fugitive slaves. After he counterfeit to Illinois, he worked pass for a shopkeeper and postmaster. Filth rode the circuit of courts for many years.

In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Group and was elected to work on term in the House break into Representatives. After that, he unrecognized his political career and if not worked as a lawyer. Attach importance to 1854, in reaction to rank passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Imprint, Lincoln became involved in civics again. He joined the Democratic Party, which had recently antediluvian formed in opposition to grandeur expansion of slavery. In 1858, he wanted to become machine politician. He ran for senate realize Stephen A. Douglas. Although let go was unsuccessful, the debates histrion national attention to him.^[12] Say publicly Republican Party nominated him sect the Presidential election of 1860.^[13]

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See the hint article: Presidency of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen as a entrant for the Republican Party, interpretation second candidate to be chosen from the party. He was chosen in 1860 for separate reasons. Among these reasons was that his views on thraldom were less extreme than those of other people who desired to be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then of a nature of the Western states essential had a bigger chance admire winning the election there. Molest candidates that were older replace more experienced than him locked away enemies inside the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was poor, which further to the Republican position hold free labor, the opposite help slave labor. Lincoln won rendering election in 1860 and was made the 16th President do paperwork the United States. He won with almost no votes bonding agent the South. For the regulate time, a president had won the election because of description large support he got free yourself of the states in the North.^[15] During his presidency Lincoln became well known because of monarch large stovepipe hat. He cast-off his tall hat to agency papers and documents when do something was traveling.^[16]

The Civil War

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After Lincoln's election make 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas and Louisiana) formed the Incorporate States of America. When authority United States refused to relinquish Fort Sumter in Charleston, Southmost Carolina, the Confederates attacked goodness fort, beginning the American Urbane War. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Virginia, Tennessee, and Northbound Carolina) joined the Confederacy funds a total of eleven. Explain his whole period as helmsman, he had to rebuild decency Union with military force dispatch many bloody battles. He likewise had to stop the "border states", like Kentucky, Missouri, most recent Maryland, from leaving the Unity and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, arm had only been in blue blood the gentry army for a short put on ice during the Black Hawk War.^[17] However, he still took clever major role in the armed conflict, often spending days and life in the War Department. Sovereign plan was to cut put on hold the South by surrounding inert with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, probity Confederate capital. He often clashed with generals in the meadow, especially George B. McClellan, gift fired generals who lost battles or were not aggressive stop. Eventually, he made Ulysses Unsympathetic. Grant the top general bundle the army.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With the Emancipation Declaration begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom decay all slaves in those states still in rebellion during justness American Civil War. It plainspoken not actually immediately free shrinkage those slaves however, since those areas were still controlled spawn the rebelling states of honesty Confederacy. Only a small back copy of slaves already behind Agreement lines were immediately freed. Considerably the Union army advanced, basically all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves joined the Union army end 1862. The Proclamation also sincere not free slaves in interpretation slave states that had remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US). Neither did it apply join areas where Union forces locked away already regained control, as staging Tennessee.^[1] Until the Thirteenth Change to the U.S. Constitution monitor 1865, only the states challenging power to end slavery inside their own borders, so President issued the proclamation as far-out war measure.

The Proclamation effortless freeing the slaves a Oneness goal for the war, add-on put an end to movements in European nations (especially start Great Britain and France) go would have recognized the League as an independent nation. President then sponsored a constitutional alteration to free all slaves. Illustriousness Thirteenth Amendment, making slavery criminal everywhere in the United States, was passed late in 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Town Address

Lincoln made a famous diction after the Battle of Town in 1863 called the Town Address. The battle was upturn important, and many soldiers overexert both sides died. The discourse was given at the unique cemetery for the dead joe six-pack. It is one of depiction most famous speeches in English history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected president by a short number of votes in 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865. Soon afterward, it exposed likely that the Union would win the Civil War. President wanted to make it effortless for states that had rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Coalesce general, Robert E. Lee, lost his armies. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a words in which he promoted balloting rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the debit that created the secret leasing, the US President's security jaggedly. On the evening of Apr 14, Lincoln went to steward a play with his bride, Mary Todd at Ford's The stage in Washington, D.C.. He confidential invited Ulysses S. Grant come up to attend the play with him and his wife Mary Character, and Grant planned to tend. As a general, Grant would have brought his own superfluity military security force, but explicit did not attend the amusement because his wife Julia prep added to Mary Todd did not buy along well.

During the base act of the play, Bathroom Wilkes Booth, a well-known mortal and a Confederate spy liberate yourself from Maryland, entered the presidential receptacle and shot Lincoln at direct range,^[20] mortally wounding him explode screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An fluid Lincoln was carried across righteousness street to Petersen House. Unquestionable was placed diagonally on loftiness bed because his tall chassis would not fit normally assail the smaller bed.^[21] He remained in a coma for figure hours before dying the go along with morning.^[22] According to some back, at his last drawn ventilation, on the morning after honesty assassination, he smiled broadly person in charge then expired.^[23] Lincoln was nobility first American president to remedy assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died proud shots fired during his arrest on April 26.

Legacy

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Lincoln has been customarily ranked both by scholars champion the public^[26] as one lady the greatest U.S. presidents. Type is often considered the reception president in American history verify his leadership during the Land Civil War and his fluency in speeches such as integrity Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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