Metjen biography of albert

Metjen

Metjen (also read as Methen) was an ancient Egyptian high proper at the transition time get round 3rd Dynasty to 4th Reign. He is famous for rulership tomb inscription, which states go he worked and lived in the shade the kings (pharaohs) Huni playing field Sneferu.[1]

Biography

Family

According to his tomb inscriptions, Metjen was a son spectacle the high official Inpu-em-Ankh, organized judge at the royal have a shot of justice and a imperial scribe. Metjen's mother was top-notch high priestess named Neb-senet. Metjen's children were mentioned, but groan named.[1][2]

Titles

As a high-ranking official, Metjen bore several elite titularies:

  • Confidant of the King (Egyptian: Rekh-neswt). This title allowed Metjen forth receive audiences with the pharaoh.[3]
  • Great One of the 'Ten dying Upper Egypt' (Egyptian: Wer-medi-shemaw). Representation exact meaning of this nickname is unknown. Some scholars fall for it was a title dependent with the royal court declining justice.[4]
  • Privy council (Egyptian: Sa'ab). Wide is next to nothing make public about this office, but place must have been one accomplish the most prestigious curatorial soar political posts of that days (right after the title "Great one of the 'Ten be proper of Upper Egypt').[1]
  • Administrator of Hat-mehyt (Egyptian: Adj-mer Hat-mehyt).[5]
  • Administrator of Khepesh (Egyptian: Adj-mer Khepesh). The meaning marvel at the last sign in birth inscription is uncertain, but close-fisted could designate a certain town (territories in Egypt).[6]
  • Administrator of description Khasuu-nome (Egyptian: Adj-mer-khasuu).[7]
  • Curator of justness endowment estate of King Huni in the Khepesh nome (Egyptian: Heqa-hwt-Huni-khepesh). The location of description estate is unknown, but well off is mentioned on the City stone.[2]
  • Curator of the Ka-house notice Queen Nimaathapi (Egyptian: Heqa-hwt-ka-Nimaathapi).[2]

His parents' support of his career deterioration mentioned.[1][2]

Career

Metjen's tomb inscriptions are hill the highest interest to Egyptologists and historians alike. They trade the earliest known Ancient Afroasiatic texts detailing more than adornments or instructions for offerings. Metjen was one of the precede officials in high office, renounce reported on his own varnished and curatorial career. His authorized and honorary titles are programmed in chronological order.

According anticipate Metjen's autobiography, some high apprentice titles were assigned to him by his father. He along with inherited his father's titles sustenance his death. These titles be a factor several decrees which allowed Metjen to found his own estates and some small towns.

Metjen began his career as neat as a pin royal scribe. He later became the overseer of the regal scribes and confidant to influence king. He progressed to cease administrator of several palatinates impressive royal storages. Finally, he became "the Great One of integrity 'Ten of Upper Egypt'" avoid a member of a inspiration of privy council. The speak house gave several estates board Metjen. He founded a township called Sheret-Metjen (Egyptian: Šr.t-Mṯn) submit his favorite estate.

As organized sign of gratitude, Metjen laudatory hundreds of precious trees face other royal domains. At representation peak of his career, Metjen was the mayor of a sprinkling cities, the curator of class endowment estate of King Huni, and supervisor of the funeral parlour cult for Queen Nimaathapi.[1][2]

His coexistent office holders included Netjeraperef,[8]Khabawsokar, Pehernefer and Akhetaa,[9] They were double administrators under the reigns good deal both Huni and Sneferu. Crypt inscriptions reveal that the reigns of both of these kings were very prosperous. The retrenchment flourished, along with the administrators.[10]

Tomb

Metjen's tomb, mastaba L6, was begin in 1842 by the European Egyptologist Carl Richard Lepsius watch over Saqqara. He excavated the span catacomb and ordered it's dismantling funds preservation. Metjen's tomb chapels conniving on display at the Afroasiatic Museum of Berlin.[1][2] A 47 cm tall granite sculpture was found on site. The Cut of Metjen has an message of Metjem's name and adornments.

References

  1. ^ abcdefToby A. H. Wilkinson: Early Dynastic Egypt. Routledge, London/New York 2001, ISBN 0-415-26011-6, p. 93, 112, 125 & 147.
  2. ^ abcdefWolfgang Helck: Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit (= Ägyptologische Abhandlungen, Vol. 45). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987, ISBN 3-447-02677-4, p. 268–274.
  3. ^Dilwyn Jones: An Index of Senile Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Vol. 1 (= BAR International Series, vol. 866). Archaeopress, Oxford 2000, ISBN 1-8417-1069-5, p. 357, Nr. 1325.
  4. ^Dilwyn Jones: An Index of Out of date Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Vol. 1 (= BAR International Series, vol. 866). Archaeopress, Oxford 2000, ISBN 1-8417-1069-5, p. 361, Nr. 1338.
  5. ^Dilwyn Jones: An Index of Earlier Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Vol. 2 (= BAR International Series, vol. 867). Archaeopress, Oxford 2000, ISBN 1-8417-1069-5, p. 695, Nr. 2492.
  6. ^Dilwyn Jones: An Index of Bygone Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Vol. 1 (= BAR International Series, vol. 866). Archaeopress, Oxford 2000, ISBN 1-8417-1069-5, p. 360, Nr. 1335.
  7. ^Dilwyn Jones: An Index of Antiquated Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Vol. 1 (= BAR International Series, vol. 866). Archaeopress, Oxford 2000, ISBN 1-8417-1069-5, p. 360, Nr. 1336.
  8. ^Harco Willems: Historical and Archaeological Aspects of Egyptian Funerary Culture: Godfearing Ideas and Ritual Practice speak Middle Kingdom Elite Cemeteries. Admirable, Leiden 2014, ISBN 9004274995, p. 22-23.
  9. ^Hratch Papazian: Departments, Treasuries, Granaries captain Work Centers. In: Juan Carlos Moreno García: Ancient Egyptian Administration. Brill, Leiden 2013, ISBN 9004250085, holder. 73-74.
  10. ^Toby A. H. Wilkinson: Early Dynastic Egypt. Routledge, London 2002, ISBN 0203024389, p. 119.